Beschreibung:
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<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>
<jats:p>Both empyema and type A aortic dissection are life-threatening conditions. The combination, though rare, can cause serious complications and death. There have been rare cases of empyema caused by a co-infection with a Gram-positive bacterium, <jats:italic toggle="yes">Granulicatella adiacens,</jats:italic> which is difficult to identify, and a Gram-negative bacterium, <jats:italic toggle="yes">Escherichia coli.</jats:italic> In this case, a 50-year-old man was referred to the emergency department due to sudden chest pain and a suspected diagnosis of type A aortic dissection. The patient was subsequently found to have co-morbid empyema and a fissure in the esophagus when the cause of the disease was investigated. Considering the possibility that the patient's infection was of digestive origin, a combination of Gram-positive and Gram-negative antibiotics was given immediately. Etiological examination later confirmed the presence of <jats:italic toggle="yes">Granulicatella adiacens</jats:italic> and <jats:italic toggle="yes">Escherichia coli</jats:italic> in chest drainage fluid, and the patient was successfully treated with antimicrobial therapy and conservative treatment.</jats:p>
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