Reclassification and emended description of Caulobacter leidyi as Sphingomonas leidyi comb. nov., and emendation of the genus Sphingomonas

Medientyp: E-Artikel
Titel: Reclassification and emended description of Caulobacter leidyi as Sphingomonas leidyi comb. nov., and emendation of the genus Sphingomonas
Beteiligte: Chen, Hong; Jogler, Mareike; Rohde, Manfred; Klenk, Hans-Peter; Busse, Hans-Jürgen; Tindall, Brian J.; Spröer, Cathrin; Overmann, Jörg
Erschienen: Microbiology Society, 2012
Erschienen in: International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology
Sprache: Englisch
DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.039636-0
ISSN: 1466-5034; 1466-5026
Schlagwörter: General Medicine ; Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ; Microbiology
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Beschreibung: <jats:p>‘<jats:named-content xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" content-type="species" xlink:type="simple"> <jats:ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1601/nm.1258" xlink:type="simple"> <jats:italic>Caulobacter leidyi</jats:italic> </jats:ext-link> </jats:named-content>’ DSM 4733<jats:sup>T</jats:sup> has been shown to be affiliated with the family <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" content-type="family" xlink:type="simple"> <jats:ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1601/nm.1165" xlink:type="simple"> <jats:italic>Sphingomonadaceae</jats:italic> </jats:ext-link> </jats:named-content> instead of the <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" content-type="family" xlink:type="simple"> <jats:ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1601/nm.1249" xlink:type="simple"> <jats:italic>Caulobacteraceae</jats:italic> </jats:ext-link> </jats:named-content>, and due to its poor characterization has been omitted from the current edition of <jats:italic>Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology</jats:italic> and removed to limbo. We isolated a novel sphingoglycolipid-containing dimorphic prosthecate bacterium, designated strain 247, from a pre-alpine freshwater lake. Strain 247 and ‘<jats:named-content xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" content-type="species" xlink:type="simple"> <jats:ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1601/nm.1258" xlink:type="simple"> <jats:italic>Caulobacter leidyi</jats:italic> </jats:ext-link> </jats:named-content> <jats:italic>’</jats:italic> DSM 4733<jats:sup>T</jats:sup> were characterized in detail. The rod-shaped cells were Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, catalase- and oxidase-positive, and formed a stalk or polar flagellum. Both strains grew optimally at 28–30 °C, and pH 6.0–8.0. The major fatty acids were C<jats:sub>18 : 1</jats:sub>ω7<jats:italic>c</jats:italic>, C<jats:sub>16 : 0</jats:sub> and 11-methyl C<jats:sub>18 : 1</jats:sub>ω7<jats:italic>c</jats:italic>. C<jats:sub>14 : 0</jats:sub> 2-OH represents the major 2-hydroxy fatty acid. Q-10 was the major respiratory quinone and the major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidyldimethylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, three glycolipids, two phosphoaminolipids and two unidentified sphingoglycolipids. The major polyamine was <jats:italic>sym</jats:italic>-homospermidine. The G+C content of genomic DNA of strains 247 and DSM 4733<jats:sup>T</jats:sup> was 67.6 mol% and 67.0 mol%, respectively. According to 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and DNA–DNA hybridization, strains DSM 4733<jats:sup>T</jats:sup> and 247 were phylogenetically closely related (99.6 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, 82.9 % DNA–DNA hybridization value) and affiliated to the genus <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" content-type="genus" xlink:type="simple"> <jats:ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1601/nm.1166" xlink:type="simple"> <jats:italic>Sphingomonas</jats:italic> </jats:ext-link> </jats:named-content>. The closest recognized species was <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" content-type="species" xlink:type="simple"> <jats:ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1601/nm.1171" xlink:type="simple"> <jats:italic>Sphingomonas aquatilis</jats:italic> </jats:ext-link> </jats:named-content> DSM 15581<jats:sup>T</jats:sup> (98.1 % sequence similarity). In addition, the presence of cystine arylamidase, absence of β-galactosidase, and the inability to utilize <jats:sc>l</jats:sc>-arabinose, galactose and sucrose distinguished strains DSM 4733<jats:sup>T</jats:sup> and 247 from most other members of the family <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" content-type="family" xlink:type="simple"> <jats:ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1601/nm.1165" xlink:type="simple"> <jats:italic>Sphingomonadaceae</jats:italic> </jats:ext-link> </jats:named-content>. So far, the dimorphic life cycle that involves a prosthecate and a flagellated stage is unique for strains DSM 4733<jats:sup>T</jats:sup> and 247 among all members of the family <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" content-type="family" xlink:type="simple"> <jats:ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1601/nm.1165" xlink:type="simple"> <jats:italic>Sphingomonadaceae</jats:italic> </jats:ext-link> </jats:named-content>. Therefore, <jats:named-content xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" content-type="species" xlink:type="simple"> <jats:ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1601/nm.1258" xlink:type="simple"> <jats:italic>Caulobacter leidyi</jats:italic> </jats:ext-link> </jats:named-content> is reclassified as <jats:italic>Sphingomonas leidyi</jats:italic>, with the type strain DSM 4733<jats:sup>T</jats:sup> ( = ATCC 15260<jats:sup>T</jats:sup> = CIP 106443<jats:sup>T</jats:sup> = VKM B-1368<jats:sup>T</jats:sup>) and strain 247 (DSM 25078 = LMG 26658) as an additional strain of this species.</jats:p>
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