Beschreibung:
<jats:p>Kaposi's sarcoma‐associated herpesvirus (<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">KSHV</jats:styled-content>) encodes <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">ORF57</jats:styled-content>, which enhances the expression of intron‐less <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">KSHV</jats:styled-content> genes on multiple post‐transcriptional levels mainly affecting <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">RNA</jats:styled-content> stability and export to the cytoplasm. Yet, it remains elusive how <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">ORF57</jats:styled-content> recognizes viral <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">RNAs</jats:styled-content> and discriminates them from cellular messenger RNAs (<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">mRNAs</jats:styled-content>). Although one common binding motif on three separate <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">KSHV RNAs</jats:styled-content> has been described, most other lytic genes lack this sequence element. In this article we will review the sequence requirements for <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">ORF57</jats:styled-content> to enhance <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">RNA</jats:styled-content> expression and discuss a model how <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">ORF57</jats:styled-content> achieves specificity for viral <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">RNAs</jats:styled-content>. Finally, the role of <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">ORF57</jats:styled-content> is integrated into the viral life cycle as a complex interplay with other viral and host factors and with implications for cellular gene expression. <jats:italic>WIREs RNA</jats:italic> 2016, 7:173–185. doi: 10.1002/wrna.1323</jats:p><jats:p>This article is categorized under:
<jats:list list-type="explicit-label">
<jats:list-item><jats:p>RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > RNA–Protein Complexes</jats:p></jats:list-item>
<jats:list-item><jats:p>RNA Export and Localization > Nuclear Export/Import</jats:p></jats:list-item>
<jats:list-item><jats:p>RNA Turnover and Surveillance > Regulation of RNA Stability</jats:p></jats:list-item>
</jats:list></jats:p>