Beschreibung:
AbstractThe volatilization and leaching for most fertilizers and pesticides raise questions about the sustainability of ecosystems. To enhance the utilization of fertilizers and pesticides, pesticide–fertilizer combined nanocomposites are developed to prolong foliar retention and play a synergistic effect of weeding and nourishing for plant growth. The pesticide–fertilizer combined nanocomposites are prepared based on positive‐charge functionalized mesoporous silica and polydopamine, by chelating micronutrients (Zn2+) and loading pesticide 2,4‐D. A high loading capacity of Zn2+ (233.4 mg g−1) and 2,4‐D (17.8%) is achieved. Zn2+ and the pesticide show excellent pH‐responsive release behavior. At pH 7.0, the cumulative release is 45.35% for the pesticide after 144 h and 17% for Zn2+ after 30 days. These results reveal that the pesticide–fertilizer combined nanocomposites can remove weeds quickly and provide nutrients for crop growth in the long term. The germination rate of purslane dramatically decreases when treating with the nanocomposites, while that of corn seeds is not influenced. Excellent adhesion performance of the nanocomposites is observed on a hydrophobic surface, which can effectively reduce the risk of being washed away by rain. All the results indicate that the pesticide–fertilizer combined nanocomposites with a good synergistic effect is environmentally friendly for large‐scale application in sustainable modern agriculture.