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Medientyp: E-Artikel Titel: Runoff generation mechanisms in pastures of the Sand Mountain region of Alabama—a field investigation Beteiligte: Sen, Sumit; Srivastava, Puneet; Yoo, Kyung H.; Dane, Jacob H.; Shaw, Joey N.; Kang, Moon S. Erschienen: Wiley, 2008 Erschienen in: Hydrological Processes Sprache: Englisch DOI: 10.1002/hyp.7025 ISSN: 0885-6087; 1099-1085 Entstehung: Anmerkungen: Beschreibung: <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Excessive application of poultry litter to pastures in the Sand Mountain region of north Alabama has resulted in phosphorus (P) contamination of surface water bodies and buildup of P in soils of this region. Since surface runoff is recognized as the primary mechanism of P transport, understanding surface runoff generation mechanisms are crucial for alleviating water quality problems in this region. Identification of surface runoff generation mechanisms is also important for delineation of hydrologically active areas (HAAs). Therefore, the specific objective of this study was to identify surface runoff generation mechanisms (infiltration excess versus saturation excess) using distributed surface and subsurface sensors and rain gauge. Results from three rainfall events (2·13–3·43 cm) of differing characteristics, and sensor data at four locations with differing soil hydraulic properties along the hillslope showed that the main surface runoff generation mechanism in this region is infiltration excess. Because of this, rainfall intensity and soil hydraulic conductivity were found to play dominant roles in surface runoff generation in this region. Further, only short periods of a few rainfall events during which the rainfall intensity is high produce surface runoff. This study indicates that perhaps subsurface flows and transport of P in subsurface flows need to be quantified to reduce P contamination of surface water bodies in this region. Current studies at this location are identifying spatial and temporal distribution of HAAs, quantifying rainfall characteristics that generate runoff, and estimating runoff volume that results from connected HAAs. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</jats:p>