• Medientyp: E-Artikel
  • Titel: Precipitation of strong uncharged organic acids with various crown ethers or with acyclic polyethers from aqueous medium. Characterization of adducts in the solid state
  • Beteiligte: Kolthoff, Izaak M.; Chantooni, M. K.
  • Erschienen: Wiley, 1993
  • Erschienen in: Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry
  • Sprache: Englisch
  • DOI: 10.1002/poc.610060108
  • ISSN: 0894-3230; 1099-1395
  • Schlagwörter: Organic Chemistry ; Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
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  • Beschreibung: <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>It was found that substituted picric acids form slightly soluble 1 : 2 : 2 adducts with several simple crown ethers or with tri‐, tetra‐, or pentaethylene glycol dimethyl ether (glymes 4, 5 and 6) in water, whereas 2,4,6‐trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid forms a 1 : 1 : 1 adduct with dicyclohexano‐18‐crown‐6 (<jats:italic>cis</jats:italic>‐<jats:italic>syn</jats:italic>‐<jats:italic>cis</jats:italic>). The ability of a crown ether to precipitate a given acid follows the order dicyclohexano‐18‐crown‐6 (<jats:italic>cis</jats:italic>‐<jats:italic>syn</jats:italic>‐<jats:italic>cis</jats:italic>) &gt; benzo‐15‐crown‐5 &gt; dicyclohexano‐24‐crown‐8 &gt; 18‐crown‐6 &gt; 21‐crown‐7, 15‐crown‐5 ≫ 12‐crown‐4, roughly in the order of its base strength. Precipitation can occur even when the concentration(s) of one or more of the components are &lt; 10<jats:sup>−4</jats:sup> M. The solubility products of the 18‐crown‐6 complexes with dichloro‐ or dimethylpicric acids were estimated. In the solid state the 1 : 2 : 2 dicyclohexano‐18‐crown‐6 (<jats:italic>cis</jats:italic>‐<jats:italic>anti</jats:italic>‐<jats:italic>cis</jats:italic>)–dichloropicric acid–water complex, which reportedly has two pseudohydronium ions lacking <jats:italic>C</jats:italic><jats:sub>3<jats:italic>v</jats:italic></jats:sub> symmetry of H<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>O<jats:sup>+</jats:sup>, exhibits an IR spectrum in the OH stretching region characteristic of an aqua complex.</jats:p>