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Medientyp:
E-Artikel
Titel:
Vitamin B12 Deficiency in Newborns and their Mothers—Novel Approaches to Early Detection, Treatment and Prevention of a Global Health Issue
Beteiligte:
Gramer, Gwendolyn;
Hoffmann, Georg F.
Erschienen:
Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2020
Erschienen in:Current Medical Science
Sprache:
Englisch
DOI:
10.1007/s11596-020-2260-7
ISSN:
2523-899X;
2096-5230
Entstehung:
Anmerkungen:
Beschreibung:
<jats:title>Summary</jats:title>
<jats:p>Vitamin B<jats:sub>12</jats:sub> deficiency, mostly of maternal origin in newborns, is a well treatable condition but can cause severe neurologic sequelae. In women of childbearing age and pregnant women worldwide vitamin B<jats:sub>12</jats:sub> deficiency has been reported with frequencies of 10%–50%. Children with vitamin B<jats:sub>12</jats:sub> deficiency are asymptomatic at birth but may develop severe multisystemic symptoms, including irreversible developmental impairment in the second half-year of life. Early detection of vitamin B<jats:sub>12</jats:sub> deficiency allows for presymptomatic treatment. This article provides an overview over the function of vitamin B<jats:sub>12</jats:sub> and discusses causes and frequency of vitamin B<jats:sub>12</jats:sub> deficiency in newborns, infants, and women of childbearing age. It describes novel successful approaches to newborn screening (NBS) for vitamin B<jats:sub>12</jats:sub> deficiency and results of a pilot study which performed systematic NBS for vitamin B<jats:sub>12</jats:sub> deficiency using so-called second-tier strategies by measuring homocysteine and methylmalonic acid in dried blood spots. Recommendations for diagnostics in mothers of children with vitamin B<jats:sub>12</jats:sub> deficiency are described as well as results of systematic work-up in mothers and treatment and follow-up of children with vitamin B<jats:sub>12</jats:sub> deficiency detected by NBS. Treatment options of vitamin B<jats:sub>12</jats:sub> deficiency are presented including a newly developed standardized supplementation scheme with exclusively oral vitamin B<jats:sub>12</jats:sub> supplementation. Recommendations for preventive approaches to vitamin B<jats:sub>12</jats:sub> deficiency for children and mothers are stated. Many children worldwide could benefit from systematic inclusion of vitamin B<jats:sub>12</jats:sub> deficiency into NBS panels. In addition, preventive approaches to maternal vitamin B<jats:sub>12</jats:sub> deficiency should be implemented systematically during maternal care.</jats:p>