Beschreibung:
<jats:p>Homer's epics have been compared with many other epic traditions in the world, such as Sumerian, Indian, Serbo-Croatian, Medieval German, and Old French epics, from various points of view, such as narrative techniques, genesis of traditions, oral or writtern nature of texts, and motifs. If comparative studies of the existing sort have any significance, it is rather surprising that there has been no serious attempt to compare Homer's epics and <jats:italic>Heike monogatari</jats:italic>(translated as <jats:italic>The Tale of the Heike</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Heike</jats:italic>for short), the best of the medieval Japanese epics, for there are many reasons to believe that the comparison could be worthwhile.1 While many of the oral epic traditions in Europe, including Homer, have been long dead, the <jats:italic>Heike</jats:italic>has kept a lively tradition of performance (chanting accompanied by a type of lute) by travelling bards until recently, and still today there are a few performers. One can therefore still obtain first-hand knowledge of the performance which might throw light on some unknown features of oral epics.2 Rather like Homer's influence over Greek literature and culture, the <jats:italic>Heike</jats:italic>has influenced the way of life and thinking of the Japanese profoundly thanks to its popularity and wide circulation. The way in which the <jats:italic>Heike</jats:italic>influenced other arts, such as no plays, is comparable to Homer's influence on later Greek literature such as tragedy,3 and the way the <jats:italic>Heike's</jats:italic>warriors set models for later warrior ethics4 is comparable to the Homeric influence on the later Greek senses of virtue <jats:italic>(arete)</jats:italic>, honour <jats:italic>time)</jats:italic>, shame <jats:italic>(aidoōs)</jats:italic>, and so on.</jats:p>