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Schommers, Philipp; Kim, Dae Sung; Schlotz, Maike; Kreer, Christoph; Eggeling, Ralf; Hake, Anna; Stecher, Melanie; Park, Juyeon; Radford, Caelan E.; Dingens, Adam S.; Ercanoglu, Meryem S.; Gruell, Henning; Odidika, Stanley; Dahlhaus, Marten; Gieselmann, Lutz; Ahmadov, Elvin; Lawong, Rene Y.; Heger, Eva; Knops, Elena; Wyen, Christoph; Kümmerle, Tim; Römer, Katja; Scholten, Stefan; Wolf, Timo; [...]

Dynamics and durability of HIV-1 neutralization are determined by viral replication

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  • Medientyp: E-Artikel
  • Titel: Dynamics and durability of HIV-1 neutralization are determined by viral replication
  • Beteiligte: Schommers, Philipp; Kim, Dae Sung; Schlotz, Maike; Kreer, Christoph; Eggeling, Ralf; Hake, Anna; Stecher, Melanie; Park, Juyeon; Radford, Caelan E.; Dingens, Adam S.; Ercanoglu, Meryem S.; Gruell, Henning; Odidika, Stanley; Dahlhaus, Marten; Gieselmann, Lutz; Ahmadov, Elvin; Lawong, Rene Y.; Heger, Eva; Knops, Elena; Wyen, Christoph; Kümmerle, Tim; Römer, Katja; Scholten, Stefan; Wolf, Timo; [...]
  • Erschienen: Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2023
  • Erschienen in: Nature Medicine
  • Sprache: Englisch
  • DOI: 10.1038/s41591-023-02582-3
  • ISSN: 1078-8956; 1546-170X
  • Schlagwörter: General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ; General Medicine
  • Entstehung:
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  • Beschreibung: <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) that prevent infection are the main goal of HIV vaccine discovery. But as no nAb-eliciting vaccines are yet available, only data from HIV-1 neutralizers—persons with HIV-1 who naturally develop broad and potent nAbs—can inform about the dynamics and durability of nAb responses in humans, knowledge which is crucial for the design of future HIV-1 vaccine regimens. To address this, we assessed HIV-1-neutralizing immunoglobulin G (IgG) from 2,354 persons with HIV-1 on or off antiretroviral therapy (ART). Infection with non-clade B viruses, CD4<jats:sup>+</jats:sup> T cell counts &lt;200 µl<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>, being off ART and a longer time off ART were independent predictors of a more potent and broad neutralization. In longitudinal analyses, we found nAb half-lives of 9.3 and 16.9 years in individuals with no- or low-level viremia, respectively, and 4.0 years in persons who newly initiated ART. Finally, in a potent HIV-1 neutralizer, we identified lower fractions of serum nAbs and of nAb-encoding memory B cells after ART initiation, suggesting that a decreasing neutralizing serum activity after antigen withdrawal is due to lower levels of nAbs. These results collectively show that HIV-1-neutralizing responses can persist for several years, even at low antigen levels, suggesting that an HIV-1 vaccine may elicit a durable nAb response.</jats:p>