• Medientyp: E-Artikel
  • Titel: Low loss and high performance interconnection between standard single-mode fiber and antiresonant hollow-core fiber
  • Beteiligte: Suslov, Dmytro; Komanec, Matěj; Numkam Fokoua, Eric R.; Dousek, Daniel; Zhong, Ailing; Zvánovec, Stanislav; Bradley, Thomas D.; Poletti, Francesco; Richardson, David J.; Slavík, Radan
  • Erschienen: Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2021
  • Erschienen in: Scientific Reports
  • Sprache: Englisch
  • DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88065-2
  • ISSN: 2045-2322
  • Schlagwörter: Multidisciplinary
  • Entstehung:
  • Anmerkungen:
  • Beschreibung: <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>We demonstrate halving the record-low loss of interconnection between a nested antiresonant nodeless type hollow-core fiber (NANF) and standard single-mode fiber (SMF). The achieved interconnection loss of 0.15 dB is only 0.07 dB above the theoretically-expected minimum loss. We also optimized the interconnection in terms of unwanted cross-coupling into the higher-order modes of the NANF. We achieved cross-coupling as low as −35 dB into the LP<jats:inline-formula><jats:alternatives><jats:tex-math>$$_{11}$$</jats:tex-math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow /> <mml:mn>11</mml:mn> </mml:msub> </mml:math></jats:alternatives></jats:inline-formula> mode (the lowest-loss higher-order mode and thus the most important to eliminate). With the help of simulations, we show that the measured LP<jats:inline-formula><jats:alternatives><jats:tex-math>$$_{11}$$</jats:tex-math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow /> <mml:mn>11</mml:mn> </mml:msub> </mml:math></jats:alternatives></jats:inline-formula> mode coupling is most likely limited by the slightly imperfect symmetry of the manufactured NANF. The coupling cross-talk into the highly-lossy LP<jats:inline-formula><jats:alternatives><jats:tex-math>$$_{02}$$</jats:tex-math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow /> <mml:mn>02</mml:mn> </mml:msub> </mml:math></jats:alternatives></jats:inline-formula> mode (<jats:inline-formula><jats:alternatives><jats:tex-math>$$&gt;2000$$</jats:tex-math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>&gt;</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2000</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math></jats:alternatives></jats:inline-formula> dB/km in our fiber) was measured to be below −22 dB. Furthermore, we show experimentally that the anti-reflective coating applied to the interconnect interface reduces the insertion loss by 0.15 dB while simultaneously reducing the back-reflection below −40 dB over a 60 nm bandwidth. Finally, we also demonstrated an alternative mode-field adapter to adapt the mode-field size between SMF and NANF, based on thermally-expanded core fibers. This approach enabled us to achieve an interconnection loss of 0.21 dB and cross-coupling of −35 dB into the LP<jats:inline-formula><jats:alternatives><jats:tex-math>$$_{11}$$</jats:tex-math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow /> <mml:mn>11</mml:mn> </mml:msub> </mml:math></jats:alternatives></jats:inline-formula> mode.</jats:p>
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