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Medientyp:
E-Artikel
Titel:
High-fat diet increases the severity of Giardia infection in association with low-grade inflammation and gut microbiota dysbiosis
Beteiligte:
Allain, Thibault;
Fekete, Elena;
Sosnowski, Olivia;
Desmonts de Lamache, Dimitri;
Motta, Jean-Paul;
Leger, Dezirae;
Feener, Troy;
Reimer, Raylene A.;
Buret, André G.
Erschienen:
Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2021
Erschienen in:Scientific Reports
Sprache:
Englisch
DOI:
10.1038/s41598-021-98262-8
ISSN:
2045-2322
Entstehung:
Anmerkungen:
Beschreibung:
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Exogenous factors that may influence the pathophysiology of <jats:italic>Giardia</jats:italic> infection remain incompletely understood. We have investigated the role of dietary fat in the pathogenesis of <jats:italic>Giardia</jats:italic> infection. Male 3 to 4-week-old C57BL/6 mice were fed either a low fat (LF) or a high fat (HF) diet for 12 days and challenged with <jats:italic>G. duodenalis</jats:italic>. In infected animals, the trophozoite burden was higher in HF + <jats:italic>Giardia</jats:italic> mice compared to the LF + <jats:italic>Giardia</jats:italic> group at day 7 post infection. Fatty acids exerted direct pro-growth effects on <jats:italic>Giardia</jats:italic> trophozoites. Analysis of disease parameters showed that HF + <jats:italic>Giardia</jats:italic> mice exhibited more mucosal infiltration by inflammatory cells, decreased villus/crypt ratios, goblet cell hyperplasia, mucus disruption, increased gut motility, and elevated fecal water content compared with LF + <jats:italic>Giardia</jats:italic>. HF diet-dependent exacerbation of <jats:italic>Giardia</jats:italic>-induced goblet cell hyperplasia was associated with elevated <jats:italic>Atoh1</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Muc2</jats:italic> gene expression. Gut microbiota analysis revealed that the HF diet alone induces a taxonomic shift. HF + <jats:italic>Giardia</jats:italic> mice exhibited microbiota dysbiosis characterized by an increase of Firmicutes and a decrease of Bacteroidetes and significant changes in α- and β-diversity metrics. Taken together, the findings suggest that a HF diet exacerbates the outcome of <jats:italic>Giardia</jats:italic> infection. The data demonstrate that elevated dietary fat represents an important exogenous factor promoting the pathophysiology of giardiasis.</jats:p>