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Ryrsø, Camilla Koch; Dungu, Arnold Matovu; Hegelund, Maria Hein; Jensen, Andreas Vestergaard; Sejdic, Adin; Faurholt-Jepsen, Daniel; Krogh-Madsen, Rikke; Lindegaard, Birgitte

Body composition, physical capacity, and immuno-metabolic profile in community-acquired pneumonia caused by COVID-19, influenza, and bacteria: a prospective cohort study

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  • Medientyp: E-Artikel
  • Titel: Body composition, physical capacity, and immuno-metabolic profile in community-acquired pneumonia caused by COVID-19, influenza, and bacteria: a prospective cohort study
  • Beteiligte: Ryrsø, Camilla Koch; Dungu, Arnold Matovu; Hegelund, Maria Hein; Jensen, Andreas Vestergaard; Sejdic, Adin; Faurholt-Jepsen, Daniel; Krogh-Madsen, Rikke; Lindegaard, Birgitte
  • Erschienen: Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2022
  • Erschienen in: International Journal of Obesity, 46 (2022) 4, Seite 817-824
  • Sprache: Englisch
  • DOI: 10.1038/s41366-021-01057-0
  • ISSN: 0307-0565; 1476-5497
  • Entstehung:
  • Anmerkungen:
  • Beschreibung: <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec> <jats:title>Background</jats:title> <jats:p>Different pathogens can cause community-acquired pneumonia (CAP); however, the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has re-emphasized the vital role of respiratory viruses as a cause of CAP. The aim was to explore differences in metabolic profile, body composition, physical capacity, and inflammation between patients hospitalized with CAP caused by different etiology.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Methods</jats:title> <jats:p>A prospective study of Danish patients hospitalized with CAP caused by SARS-CoV-2, influenza, or bacteria. Fat (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) were assessed with bioelectrical impedance analysis. Physical activity and capacity were assessed using questionnaires and handgrip strength. Plasma (p)-glucose, p-lipids, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), p-adiponectin, and cytokines were measured.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Results</jats:title> <jats:p>Among 164 patients with CAP, etiology did not affect admission levels of glucose, HbA1c, adiponectin, or lipids. Overall, 15.2% had known diabetes, 6.1% had undiagnosed diabetes, 51.3% had pre-diabetes, 81% had hyperglycemia, and 60% had low HDL-cholesterol, with no difference between groups. Body mass index, FM, and FFM were similar between groups, with 73% of the patients being characterized with abdominal obesity, although waist circumference was lower in patients with COVID-19. Physical capacity was similar between groups. More than 80% had low handgrip strength and low physical activity levels. Compared to patients with influenza, patients with COVID-19 had increased levels of interferon (IFN)-γ (mean difference (MD) 4.14; 95% CI 1.36–12.58; <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.008), interleukin (IL)-4 (MD 1.82; 95% CI 1.12–2.97; <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.012), IL-5 (MD 2.22; 95% CI 1.09–4.52; <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.024), and IL-6 (MD 2.41; 95% CI 1.02–5.68; <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.044) and increased IFN-γ (MD 6.10; 95% CI 2.53–14.71; <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.001) and IL-10 (MD 2.68; 95% CI 1.53–4.69; <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.001) compared to patients with bacterial CAP, but no difference in IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-8, IL-18, IL-12p70, C-reactive protein, and adiponectin.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title> <jats:p>Despite higher inflammatory response in patients with COVID-19, metabolic profile, body composition, and physical capacity were similar to patients with influenza and bacterial CAP.</jats:p> </jats:sec>