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Medientyp:
E-Artikel
Titel:
Nodal Signaling in Vertebrate Development
Beteiligte:
Schier, Alexander F.
Erschienen:
Annual Reviews, 2003
Erschienen in:
Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology, 19 (2003) 1, Seite 589-621
Sprache:
Englisch
DOI:
10.1146/annurev.cellbio.19.041603.094522
ISSN:
1081-0706;
1530-8995
Entstehung:
Anmerkungen:
Beschreibung:
▪ Abstract TGFß signals belonging to the Nodal family set up the embryonic axes, induce mesoderm and endoderm, pattern the nervous system, and determine left-right asymmetry in vertebrates. Nodal signaling activates a canonical TGFß pathway involving activin receptors, Smad2 transcription factors, and FoxH1 coactivators. In addition, Nodal signaling is dependent on coreceptors of the EGF-CFC family and antagonized by the Lefty and Cerberus families of secreted factors. Additional modulators of Nodal signaling include convertases that regulate the generation of the mature signal, and factors such as Arkadia and DRAP1 that regulate the cellular responses to the signal. Complex regulatory cascades and autoregulatory loops coordinate Nodal signaling during early development. Nodals have concentration-dependent roles and can act both locally and at a distance. These studies demonstrate that Nodal signaling is modulated at almost every level to precisely orchestrate tissue patterning during vertebrate embryogenesis.