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Medientyp:
E-Artikel
Titel:
Association of Blood Group Antigen CD59 with Disease
Beteiligte:
Weinstock, Christof
Erschienen:
S. Karger AG, 2022
Erschienen in:
Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy, 49 (2022) 1, Seite 13-24
Sprache:
Englisch
DOI:
10.1159/000521174
ISSN:
1660-3796;
1660-3818
Entstehung:
Anmerkungen:
Beschreibung:
In 2014, the membrane-bound protein CD59 became a blood group antigen. CD59 has been known for decades as an inhibitor of the complement system, located on erythrocytes and on many other cell types. In paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH), a stem cell clone with acquired deficiency to express GPI-anchored molecules, including the complement inhibitor CD59, causes severe and life-threatening disease. The lack of CD59, which is the only membrane-bound inhibitor of the membrane attack complex, contributes a major part of the intravascular haemolysis observed in PNH patients. This crucial effect of CD59 in PNH disease prompted studies to investigate its role in other diseases. In this review, the role of CD59 in inflammation, rheumatic disease, and age-related macular degeneration is investigated. Further, the pivotal role of CD59 in PNH and congenital CD59 deficiency is reviewed.