Ndhlovu, Gillian O. N.;
Abotsi, Regina E.;
Shittu, Adebayo O.;
Abdulgader, Shima M.;
Jamrozy, Dorota;
Dupont, Christopher L.;
Mankahla, Avumile;
Nicol, Mark P.;
Hlela, Carol;
Levin, Michael E.;
Lunjani, Nonhlanhla;
Dube, Felix S.
Molecular epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus in African children from rural and urban communities with atopic dermatitis
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Medientyp:
E-Artikel
Titel:
Molecular epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus in African children from rural and urban communities with atopic dermatitis
Beteiligte:
Ndhlovu, Gillian O. N.;
Abotsi, Regina E.;
Shittu, Adebayo O.;
Abdulgader, Shima M.;
Jamrozy, Dorota;
Dupont, Christopher L.;
Mankahla, Avumile;
Nicol, Mark P.;
Hlela, Carol;
Levin, Michael E.;
Lunjani, Nonhlanhla;
Dube, Felix S.
Erschienen:
Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2021
Beschreibung:
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec>
<jats:title>Background</jats:title>
<jats:p><jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus</jats:italic> has been associated with the exacerbation and severity of atopic dermatitis (AD). Studies have not investigated the colonisation dynamics of <jats:italic>S. aureus</jats:italic> lineages in African toddlers with AD. We determined the prevalence and population structure of <jats:italic>S. aureus</jats:italic> in toddlers with and without AD from rural and urban South African settings.</jats:p>
</jats:sec><jats:sec>
<jats:title>Methods</jats:title>
<jats:p>We conducted a study of AD-affected and non-atopic AmaXhosa toddlers from rural Umtata and urban Cape Town, South Africa. <jats:italic>S. aureus</jats:italic> was screened from skin and nasal specimens using established microbiological methods and clonal lineages were determined by <jats:italic>spa</jats:italic> typing. Logistic regression analyses were employed to assess risk factors associated with <jats:italic>S. aureus</jats:italic> colonisation.</jats:p>
</jats:sec><jats:sec>
<jats:title>Results</jats:title>
<jats:p><jats:italic>S. aureus</jats:italic> colonisation was higher in cases compared to controls independent of geographic location (54% vs. 13%, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < 0.001 and 70% vs. 35%, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.005 in Umtata [rural] and Cape Town [urban], respectively). Severe AD was associated with higher colonisation compared with moderate AD (86% vs. 52%, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.015) among urban cases. Having AD was associated with colonisation in both rural (odds ratio [OR] 7.54, 95% CI 2.92–19.47) and urban (OR 4.2, 95% CI 1.57–11.2) toddlers. In rural toddlers, living in an electrified house that uses gas (OR 4.08, 95% CI 1.59–10.44) or utilises kerosene and paraffin (OR 2.88, 95% CI 1.22–6.77) for heating and cooking were associated with increased <jats:italic>S. aureus</jats:italic> colonisation. However, exposure to farm animals (OR 0.3, 95% CI 0.11–0.83) as well as living in a house that uses wood and coal (OR 0.14, 95% CI 0.04–0.49) or outdoor fire (OR 0.31, 95% CI 0.13–0.73) were protective. <jats:italic>Spa</jats:italic> types t174 and t1476, and t272 and t1476 were dominant among urban and rural cases, respectively, but no main <jats:italic>spa</jats:italic> type was observed among controls, independent of geographic location. In urban cases, <jats:italic>spa</jats:italic> type t002 and t442 isolates were only identified in severe AD, t174 was more frequent in moderate AD, and t1476 in severe AD.</jats:p>
</jats:sec><jats:sec>
<jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title>
<jats:p>The strain genotype of <jats:italic>S. aureus</jats:italic> differed by AD phenotypes and rural-urban settings. Continued surveillance of colonising <jats:italic>S. aureus</jats:italic> lineages is key in understanding alterations in skin microbial composition associated with AD pathogenesis and exacerbation.</jats:p>
</jats:sec>