Genome and time-of-day transcriptome of Wolffia australiana link morphological minimization with gene loss and less growth control

Medientyp: E-Artikel
Titel: Genome and time-of-day transcriptome of Wolffia australiana link morphological minimization with gene loss and less growth control
Beteiligte: Michael, Todd P.; Ernst, Evan; Hartwick, Nolan; Chu, Philomena; Bryant, Douglas; Gilbert, Sarah; Ortleb, Stefan; Baggs, Erin L.; Sree, K. Sowjanya; Appenroth, Klaus J.; Fuchs, Joerg; Jupe, Florian; Sandoval, Justin P.; Krasileva, Ksenia V.; Borisjuk, Ljudmylla; Mockler, Todd C.; Ecker, Joseph R.; Martienssen, Robert A.; Lam, Eric
Erschienen: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 2021
Erschienen in: Genome Research, 31 (2021) 2, Seite 225-238
Sprache: Englisch
DOI: 10.1101/gr.266429.120
ISSN: 1088-9051; 1549-5469
Schlagwörter: Genetics (clinical) ; Genetics
Entstehung:
Anmerkungen:
Beschreibung: <jats:p>Rootless plants in the genus <jats:italic>Wolffia</jats:italic> are some of the fastest growing known plants on Earth. <jats:italic>Wolffia</jats:italic> have a reduced body plan, primarily multiplying through a budding type of asexual reproduction. Here, we generated draft reference genomes for <jats:italic>Wolffia australiana</jats:italic> (Benth.) Hartog & Plas, which has the smallest genome size in the genus at 357 Mb and has a reduced set of predicted protein-coding genes at about 15,000. Comparison between multiple high-quality draft genome sequences from <jats:italic>W. australiana</jats:italic> clones confirmed loss of several hundred genes that are highly conserved among flowering plants, including genes involved in root developmental and light signaling pathways. <jats:italic>Wolffia</jats:italic> has also lost most of the conserved nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) genes that are known to be involved in innate immunity, as well as those involved in terpene biosynthesis, while having a significant overrepresentation of genes in the sphingolipid pathways that may signify an alternative defense system. Diurnal expression analysis revealed that only 13% of <jats:italic>Wolffia</jats:italic> genes are expressed in a time-of-day (TOD) fashion, which is less than the typical ∼40% found in several model plants under the same condition. In contrast to the model plants <jats:italic>Arabidopsis</jats:italic> and rice, many of the pathways associated with multicellular and developmental processes are not under TOD control in <jats:italic>W. australiana</jats:italic>, where genes that cycle the conditions tested predominantly have carbon processing and chloroplast-related functions. The <jats:italic>Wolffia</jats:italic> genome and TOD expression data set thus provide insight into the interplay between a streamlined plant body plan and optimized growth.</jats:p>
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