Riewe, David;
Jeon, Hea‐Jung;
Lisec, Jan;
Heuermann, Marc C.;
Schmeichel, Judith;
Seyfarth, Monique;
Meyer, Rhonda C.;
Willmitzer, Lothar;
Altmann, Thomas
A naturally occurring promoter polymorphism of the Arabidopsis FUM2 gene causes expression variation, and is associated with metabolic and growth traits
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E-Artikel
Titel:
A naturally occurring promoter polymorphism of the Arabidopsis FUM2 gene causes expression variation, and is associated with metabolic and growth traits
Beschreibung:
<jats:title>Summary</jats:title><jats:p>Fumarate and malate are known intermediates of the <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">TCA</jats:styled-content> cycle, a mitochondrial metabolic pathway generating <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">NADH</jats:styled-content> for respiration. <jats:italic>Arabidopsis thaliana</jats:italic> and other Brassicaceae contain an additional cytosolic fumarase (FUM2) that functions in carbon assimilation and nitrogen use. Here, we report the identification of a hitherto unknown <jats:italic>FUM2</jats:italic> promoter insertion/deletion (InDel) polymorphism found between the Col‐0 and C24 accessions, which also divides a large number of Arabidopsis accessions carrying either the Col‐0 or the C24 allele. The polymorphism consists of two stretches of 2.1 and 3.8 kb, which are both absent from the promotor region of Col‐0 <jats:italic>FUM2</jats:italic>. By analysing mutants as well as mapping and natural populations with contrasting <jats:italic>FUM2</jats:italic> alleles, the promotor insertion was linked to reduced <jats:italic>FUM2</jats:italic> mRNA expression, reduced fumarase activity and reduced fumarate/malate ratio in leaves. In a large population of 174 natural accessions, the polymorphism was also found to be associated with the fumarate/malate ratio, malate and fumarate levels, and with dry weight at 15 days after sowing (<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">DAS</jats:styled-content>). The association with biomass production was confirmed in an even larger (251) accession population for dry weight at 22 DAS. The dominant Col‐0 allele that results in increased fumarate/malate ratios and enhanced biomass production is predominantly found in central/eastern European accessions, whereas the C24 type allele is prevalent on the Iberian Peninsula, west of the Rhine and in the British Isles. Our findings support the role of <jats:italic>FUM2</jats:italic> in diurnal carbon storage, and point to a growth advantage of accessions carrying the <jats:italic>FUM2</jats:italic> Col‐0 allele.</jats:p>