A step ahead: Exploring the gut microbiota in inpatients with bipolar disorder during a depressive episode

Medientyp: E-Artikel
Titel: A step ahead: Exploring the gut microbiota in inpatients with bipolar disorder during a depressive episode
Beteiligte: Painold, Annamaria; Mörkl, Sabrina; Kashofer, Karl; Halwachs, Bettina; Dalkner, Nina; Bengesser, Susanne; Birner, Armin; Fellendorf, Frederike; Platzer, Martina; Queissner, Robert; Schütze, Gregor; Schwarz, Markus J.; Moll, Natalie; Holzer, Peter; Holl, Anna K.; Kapfhammer, Hans‐Peter; Gorkiewicz, Gregor; Reininghaus, Eva Z.
Erschienen: Wiley, 2019
Erschienen in: Bipolar Disorders
Sprache: Englisch
DOI: 10.1111/bdi.12682
ISSN: 1398-5647; 1399-5618
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Beschreibung: <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives</jats:title><jats:p>There is evidence that the gut microbiota plays a major role in the pathogenesis of diseases of the central nervous system through the gut–brain axis. The aim of the present study was to analyze gut microbiota composition in bipolar disorder (<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">BD</jats:styled-content>) and its relation to inflammation, serum lipids, oxidative stress, tryptophan (TRP)/kynurenine (KYN) levels, anthropometric measurements and parameters of metabolic syndrome. Further, microbial community differences of individuals with <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">BD</jats:styled-content> compared with healthy controls (<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">HC</jats:styled-content>) were explored.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>In this cross‐sectional study, we performed 16S <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">rRNA</jats:styled-content> gene sequencing of stool samples from 32 <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">BD</jats:styled-content> individuals and 10 <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">HC</jats:styled-content>. Laboratory parameters included inflammatory markers, serum lipids, KYN, oxidative stress and anthropometric measures. Microbial community analysis and correlation to clinical parameters was performed with <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">QIIME</jats:styled-content>, differential abundance analysis of taxa encompassed linear discriminant analysis effect size (<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">LE</jats:styled-content>fSe).</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>We found a negative correlation between microbial alpha‐diversity and illness duration in <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">BD</jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>R</jats:italic> = −0.408, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> = 0.021). Furthermore, we identified bacterial clades associated with inflammatory status, serum lipids, TRP, depressive symptoms, oxidative stress, anthropometrics and metabolic syndrome in individuals with <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">BD</jats:styled-content>. <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">LE</jats:styled-content>fSe identified the phylum <jats:italic>Actinobacteria</jats:italic> (<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">LDA</jats:styled-content>= 4.82, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> = 0.007) and the class <jats:italic>Coriobacteria</jats:italic> (<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">LDA</jats:styled-content>= 4.75, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> = 0.010) as significantly more abundant in <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">BD</jats:styled-content> when compared with <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">HC,</jats:styled-content> and <jats:italic>Ruminococcaceae</jats:italic> (<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">LDA</jats:styled-content>= 4.59, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> = 0.018) and <jats:italic>Faecalibacterium</jats:italic> (<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">LDA</jats:styled-content>= 4.09, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> = 0.039) as more abundant in <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">HC</jats:styled-content> when compared with <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">BD</jats:styled-content>.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title><jats:p>The present findings suggest that causes and/or consequences of <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">BD</jats:styled-content> may also lie outside the brain. Exploratory research of the gut microbiota in affective disorders like <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">BD</jats:styled-content> may identify previously unknown underlying causes, and offer new research and therapeutic approaches to mood disorders.</jats:p></jats:sec>

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