Beschreibung:
<jats:title>Summary</jats:title><jats:p>To date, there have been only few studies investigating rechallenge with checkpoint inhibitors in melanoma patients. Herein, we present the first review of all internationally published, English‐language articles. A total of 570 patients were included in our analysis, divided into four groups: 1) rechallenge with anti‐PD1 following disease progression on anti‐PD1 therapy; 2) rechallenge with anti‐PD1 and anti‐CTLA4 following disease progression on anti‐PD1 therapy; 3) rechallenge with anti‐CLTA‐4 following disease progression on anti‐CTLA‐4 therapy; and 4) rechallenge following toxicity‐related treatment discontinuation.</jats:p><jats:p>In the first group (85 patients), the mean disease control rate (DCR) was 45.8 %, with a mean overall response rate (ORR) of 15.5 %. The second group (114 patients) showed a mean DCR of 40.6 % and an ORR of 20 %. In the third group (182 patients), the mean DCR was 50.9 %, with an ORR of 20.4 %. Thus, even patients with a history of disease progression on initial checkpoint inhibitor therapy may benefit from rechallenge.</jats:p><jats:p>Patients in the fourth group (189 patients) showed a mean DCR of 89.5 % and an ORR of 70.2 %. Of these individuals, 18 % saw recurrence of the same toxicity; 23 % were affected by adverse events different from the ones previously experienced.</jats:p>