T cell maturation is significantly affected by SARS‐CoV‐2 infection

Medientyp: E-Artikel
Titel: T cell maturation is significantly affected by SARS‐CoV‐2 infection
Beteiligte: Walter, Laura Otto; Cardoso, Chandra Chiappin; Santos‐Pirath, Íris Mattos; Costa, Heloisa Zorzi; Gartner, Rafaela; Werle, Isabel; Mohr, Eduarda Talita Bramorski; da Rosa, Julia Salvan; Lubschinski, Tainá Larissa; Felisberto, Mariano; Kretzer, Iara Fabricia; Masukawa, Ivete Ioshiko; Vanny, Patrícia de Almeida; Luiz, Magali Chaves; de Moraes, Ana Carolina Rabello; Dalmarco, Eduardo Monguilhott; Santos‐Silva, Maria Cláudia
Erschienen: Wiley, 2023
Erschienen in: Immunology
Sprache: Englisch
DOI: 10.1111/imm.13635
ISSN: 0019-2805; 1365-2567
Schlagwörter: Immunology ; Immunology and Allergy
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Beschreibung: <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is a respiratory tract infection caused by the new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2). An adequate T cell response is essential not only for fighting disease but also for the creation of immune memory. Thus, the present study aims to evaluate the T cells of patients with moderate, severe and critical COVID‐19 not only at the time of illness but also 2 months after diagnosis to observe whether changes in this compartment persist. In this study, 166 COVID‐19 patients were stratified into moderate/severe and critical disease categories. The maturation and activation of T cells were evaluated through flow cytometry. In addition, Treg cells were analysed. Until 15 days after diagnosis, patients presented a reduction in absolute and relative T lymphocyte counts. After 2 months, in moderate/severe patients, the counts returned to a similar level as that of the control group. In convalescent patients who had a critical illness, absolute T lymphocyte values increased considerably. Patients with active disease did not show differentiation of T cells. Nonetheless, after 2 months, patients with critical COVID‐19 showed a significant increase in CD4<jats:sup>+</jats:sup> EMRA (CD45RA<jats:sup>+</jats:sup> effector memory) T lymphocytes. Furthermore, COVID‐19 patients showed delayed T cell activation and reduced CD8<jats:sup>+</jats:sup> suppressor T cells even 2 months after diagnosis. A reduction in CD4<jats:sup>+</jats:sup> Treg cells was also observed, and their numbers returned to a similar level as that of healthy controls in convalescent patients. The results demonstrate that COVID‐19 patients have a delayed activation and differentiation of T cells. In addition, these patients have a great reduction of T cells with a suppressor phenotype.</jats:p>

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