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Kwon, Misol; Seo, Young S.; Nickerson, Amanda B.; Dickerson, Suzanne S.; Park, Eunhee; Livingston, Jennifer A.

Sleep Quality as a Mediator of the Relationship Between Cyber Victimization and Depression

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  • Medientyp: E-Artikel
  • Titel: Sleep Quality as a Mediator of the Relationship Between Cyber Victimization and Depression
  • Beteiligte: Kwon, Misol; Seo, Young S.; Nickerson, Amanda B.; Dickerson, Suzanne S.; Park, Eunhee; Livingston, Jennifer A.
  • Erschienen: Wiley, 2020
  • Erschienen in: Journal of Nursing Scholarship
  • Sprache: Englisch
  • DOI: 10.1111/jnu.12569
  • ISSN: 1527-6546; 1547-5069
  • Entstehung:
  • Anmerkungen:
  • Beschreibung: <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose</jats:title><jats:p>Cyber victimization is a national mental health concern, especially among adolescents who are digital natives. The current study examined sleep quality as a mediator of the association between cyber victimization and depressive symptoms among adolescents.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design and Method</jats:title><jats:p>A prospective study design was utilized with a community sample of adolescents (<jats:italic>N</jats:italic> = 801; 57% female; mean age = 14.45, <jats:italic>SD</jats:italic> = .85) from the eastern United States. Participants completed (a) the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; (b) the Cyber Victimization Scale; and (c) the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale Revised via online surveys at baseline and 6‐month follow‐up. The inter‐relationship between variables was analyzed by Hayes’ mediation approach.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Findings</jats:title><jats:p>Cyber victimization was not directly associated with having depressive symptoms 6 months later when controlling for adolescents’ poor sleep quality, sex, and age (direct effect [<jats:italic>c</jats:italic>’] = .012, <jats:italic>t</jats:italic>(676) = 1.12, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; .05, confidence interval [CI] ‐.008, .036). The mediation analysis indicated a significant indirect effect of poor sleep quality on the relationship between cyber victimization and depressive symptoms (ab = .005, bootstrapped standard error [<jats:italic>SE</jats:italic>] = .003, bootstrapped CI .001, .011; a is the effect of cyber victimization on poor sleep quality; b is the effect of poor sleep quality on depressive symptoms). Specifically, adolescents’ cyber victimization led to poor sleep quality (a = .039, <jats:italic>SE</jats:italic> = .041, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; .05), which also led to increased depressive symptoms (b = .116, <jats:italic>SE</jats:italic> = .019, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; .001), after controlling for depressive symptoms at baseline, sex, and age. The indirect effect of cyber victimization on depressive symptoms was estimated through poor sleep quality (a*b = .039(.116) = .0045).</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title><jats:p>The findings suggest that poor sleep quality may be a mechanism through which cyber bullying is related prospectively to depressive symptoms. Interventions for cyber‐victimized adolescents should include assessment of sleep quality and incorporate sleep hygiene education.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Clinical Relevance</jats:title><jats:p>Adolescents should be screened for cyber victimization and sleep quality. Moreover, promotion of sleep hygiene among cyber‐victimized adolescents may help to reduce depression.</jats:p></jats:sec>