Beschreibung:
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background</jats:title><jats:p>Pseudomembranous cystitis (PMC) in cats is a recognized disease, but concurrent mineralization is reported rarely and its outcome is poorly described.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Hypothesis and Objectives</jats:title><jats:p>Describe a population of cats with PMC and the prevalence of concurrent mineralization.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Animals</jats:title><jats:p>Twenty‐six cats with PMC.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>Medical records were retrospectively reviewed (January 2016 to December 2021). Cats with an ultrasound diagnosis of PMC were included. Clinicopathologic results, imaging, treatment, and outcome were reviewed.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>All cats were male and 21 (80%) were diagnosed with urethral obstruction (UO). Five cats (23.8%) had positive urine culture (<jats:italic>Staphylococcus felis</jats:italic>, 3/5; <jats:italic>Proteus mirabilis</jats:italic>, 2/5) with a median urine pH of 8 (range, 6‐9). All cats had ultrasonographic changes suggestive of mineralization. On ultrasound examination, 10 cats (38.5%) had pseudomembranes with acoustic shadowing suggestive of mineralization, 15 (57.7%) had changes indicative of ulceration, and 8 (31%) had changes compatible with of a urachal anomaly. Twenty‐two cats received medical treatment, 4 underwent surgery (3 percutaneous cystolithotomy, 1 cystotomy). Twenty cats (77%) survived to discharge. Follow‐up ultrasound examination indicated resolution of PMC in 6/7 cats, 4 had persistent hyperechoic bladder lining. Five of 12 cats with follow‐up had a relapse of lower urinary tract signs.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions and Clinical Importance</jats:title><jats:p>Pseudomembranous cystitis was diagnosed mainly in male cats with UO and imaging findings suggestive of mineralization were present in all cases. Frequent negative urine culture suggests a different etiology than encrusting cystitis related to urease‐positive bacteria. Good outcomes can be achieved with medical management.</jats:p></jats:sec>