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Medientyp:
E-Artikel
Titel:
Antistreptococcal Activity of Telithromycin Compared with Seven Other Drugs in Relation to Macrolide Resistance Mechanisms in Russia
Beteiligte:
Kozlov, Roman S.;
Bogdanovitch, Tatiana M.;
Appelbaum, Peter C.;
Ednie, Lois;
Stratchounski, Leonid S.;
Jacobs, Michael R.;
Bozdogan, Bülent
Erschienen:
American Society for Microbiology, 2002
Erschienen in:Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
Beschreibung:
<jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title>
<jats:p>
The susceptibilities of 468 recent Russian clinical
<jats:italic>Streptococcus pneumoniae</jats:italic>
isolates and 600
<jats:italic>Streptococcus pyogenes</jats:italic>
isolates, from 14 centers in Russia, to telithromycin, erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, clindamycin, levofloxacin, quinupristin-dalfopristin, and penicillin G were tested. Penicillin-nonsusceptible
<jats:italic>S. pneumoniae</jats:italic>
strains were rare except in Siberia, where their prevalence rate was 13.5%: most were penicillin intermediate, but for three strains (two from Smolensk and one from Novosibirsk) the MICs of penicillin G were 4 or 8 μg/ml. Overall, 2.5% of
<jats:italic>S. pneumoniae</jats:italic>
isolates were resistant to erythromycin. Efflux was the prevalent resistance mechanism (five strains; 41.7%), followed by ribosomal methylation encoded by constitutive
<jats:italic>erm</jats:italic>
(B), which was found in four isolates. Ribosomal mutation was the mechanism of macrolide resistance in three isolates; one erythromycin-resistant
<jats:italic>S. pneumoniae</jats:italic>
isolate had an A2059G mutation in 23S rRNA, and two isolates had substitution of GTG by TPS at positions 69 to 71 in ribosomal protein L4. All
<jats:italic>S. pyogenes</jats:italic>
isolates were susceptible to penicillin, and 11% were erythromycin resistant. Ribosomal methylation was the most common resistance mechanism for
<jats:italic>S. pyogenes</jats:italic>
(89.4%). These methylases were encoded by
<jats:italic>erm</jats:italic>
(A) [subclass
<jats:italic>erm</jats:italic>
(TR)] genes, and their expression was inducible in 96.6% of isolates. The rest of the erythromycin-resistant Russian
<jats:italic>S. pyogenes</jats:italic>
isolates (7.6%) had an efflux resistance mechanism. Telithromycin was active against 100% of pneumococci and 99.2% of
<jats:italic>S. pyogenes</jats:italic>
, and levofloxacin and quinupristin-dalfopristin were active against all isolates of both species.
</jats:p>