Mahdifar, Maryam;
Akbari-Eidgahi, Mohammad Reza;
Mosavat, Arman;
Pourreza, Alireza;
Akbarin, Mohammad Mehdi;
Valizadeh, Narges;
Rezaee, Seyed Abdolrahim;
Rafatpanah, Houshang
Immigrating and vicinity are not risk factors in the prevalence and transmission rate of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1: A Survey in an endemic region of Iran and Afghan refugees
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Medientyp:
E-Artikel
Titel:
Immigrating and vicinity are not risk factors in the prevalence and transmission rate of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1: A Survey in an endemic region of Iran and Afghan refugees
Beteiligte:
Mahdifar, Maryam;
Akbari-Eidgahi, Mohammad Reza;
Mosavat, Arman;
Pourreza, Alireza;
Akbarin, Mohammad Mehdi;
Valizadeh, Narges;
Rezaee, Seyed Abdolrahim;
Rafatpanah, Houshang
Erschienen:
Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2023
Erschienen in:
PLOS Global Public Health, 3 (2023) 1, Seite e0001484
Sprache:
Englisch
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgph.0001484
ISSN:
2767-3375
Entstehung:
Anmerkungen:
Beschreibung:
Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a retrovirus associated with two life-threatening diseases; HAM/TSP and ATLL. Due to the slow-growing HTLV-1 infection worldwide, WHO urged for elimination. A large border with Afghanistan, northeast Iran is an endemic region for HTLV-1 infection. Historically, Afghanistan has common sociocultural similarities to Persian peoples. This study was conducted to evaluate HTLV-1 prevalence in Afghan refugees. Also, the HTLV-1 transmission rate and understanding of whether or not the Silk Road has been the route of HTLV-1 infection to Iran were investigated. This case-control study was conducted in a rural area of Fariman city, with Afghan residents who migrated around 165 years ago, from 1857, the Treaty of Paris at the end of the Anglo-Persian war, and a refugee camp in Torbat-e-Jam city. These populations in HTLV-1 endemic area were compared to a segregated population of Afghan refugees in Semnan, the centre of Iran. Blood samples of 983 volunteers were assessed with the ELISA method for the presence of HTLV-1 antibodies and then confirmed by PCR technique. All samples from Afghan refugee camps, Semnan and Torbat-e-Jam, were negative for HTLV-1 infection. However, the prevalence of HTLV-1 infection in Fariman, a rural population of Afghan origin, was approximately 2.73%. The results showed that HTLV-1 is not endemic in Afghanistan, a war-stricken region with refugees distributed worldwide. The land Silk Road has not been the route of HTLV-1 transmission to Northeastern Iran. Importantly, HTLV-1 endemicity might occur during a long time of living in an endemic area.