Profiling of phytochemicals from aerial parts of Terminalia neotaliala using LC-ESI-MS2 and determination of antioxidant and enzyme inhibition activities

Medientyp: E-Artikel
Titel: Profiling of phytochemicals from aerial parts of Terminalia neotaliala using LC-ESI-MS2 and determination of antioxidant and enzyme inhibition activities
Beteiligte: Shahzad, Muhammad Nadeem; Ahmad, Saeed; Tousif, Muhammad Imran; Ahmad, Imtiaz; Rao, Huma; Ahmad, Bilal; Basit, Abdul
Erschienen: Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2022
Erschienen in: PLOS ONE
Sprache: Englisch
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266094
ISSN: 1932-6203
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Beschreibung: <jats:sec id="sec001"> <jats:title>Objectives</jats:title> <jats:p>Owing to extraordinary healing power, <jats:italic>Terminalia</jats:italic> species have been used in traditional medicine systems to treat various diseases. Many folklore uses of <jats:italic>Terminalia neotaliala</jats:italic> (Madagascar’s almond) included treating arterial hypertension, diabetes, diarrhea, dysentery, colic, oral and digestive candidiasis, intestinal parasitic infections, inflammatory skin conditions, postpartum care, and mycotic infections but nevertheless scientifically explored for its medicinal and pharmacological importance. Therefore, the current study intended to prepare methanolic extract and its fractionation with hexane, chloroform, and butanol followed by evaluation of their polyphenolic content, biological activities, and LCMS analysis. The biological study included antioxidant activity and enzyme inhibition assay i.e., α-glucosidase and urease. The insight study of biologically active secondary metabolites of butanol fraction (BUAE) was performed through LCMS.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec id="sec002"> <jats:title>Methods</jats:title> <jats:p>The total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) of hydroalcoholic and its fractions were estimated using the Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride method. The total tannin content (TTC) was determined using the Folin-Denis spectrophotometric method. Similarly, the antioxidant potential of HAAE, HEAE, CFAE, and BUAE was determined using four methods as DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl), 2,2-azinobis(3-ethylbenothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid, cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). The sample extracts were also evaluated against two clinically important enzymes i.e., α-glucosidase and urease.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec id="sec003"> <jats:title>Results</jats:title> <jats:p>The BUAE (butanol aerial fraction) showed the highest TPC (234.79 ± 0.12 mg.GAE.g<jats:sup>-1</jats:sup> DE), TFC (320.75 ± 12.50 mg.QE.g<jats:sup>-1</jats:sup> DE), and TTC (143.36 ± 4.32 mg.TA.Eq.g<jats:sup>-1</jats:sup> DE). The BUAE also showed the highest scavenging potential determined by DPPH (642.65 ± 1.11 mg.TEq.g<jats:sup>-1</jats:sup> DE) and ABTS (543.17 ± 1.11 mg.TEq.g<jats:sup>-1</jats:sup> DE), and the metal-reducing capacity determined by CUPRAC (1510.41 ± 4.45 mg.TEq.g<jats:sup>-1</jats:sup> DE) and FRAP (739.81 ± 19.32 mg.TEq.g<jats:sup>-1</jats:sup> DE). The LCMS of BUAE identified 18 different biologically active phytoconstituents validating a rich source of hydrolyzable tannins including ellagitannins and gallitannins.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec id="sec004"> <jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title> <jats:p>The present study concluded that <jats:italic>T</jats:italic>. <jats:italic>neotaliala</jats:italic> is a rich source of polyphenols capable of neutralizing the damage caused by free radical accumulation in the cells and tissues. The significant antioxidant results and identification of high molecular weight hydrolyzable tannins enlightened the medicinal importance of <jats:italic>T</jats:italic>. <jats:italic>neotaliala</jats:italic>.</jats:p> </jats:sec>
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