Beschreibung:
<jats:p>Background: Recent epidemiological studies indicate that the so-called ‘Nordic’ diet (rich in berries, fish and nuts) as well as a vegetarian diet improve serum glucose kinetics and, thus, reduce the risk of diabetes development compared to the ‘Western’ diet. Evidence for these effects from controlled human intervention studies is limited.</jats:p>
<jats:p>Methods: One hundred and twenty overweight adults with at least 1 metabolic syndrome trait (60±7 y, BMI 31.1±3.5 kg/m2, WC men 109±9 cm, women 104±9 cm) were randomized into 3 groups, adhering to Nordic diet [ND], lacto-ovo vegetarian diet [VD], or habitual control diet [HD] for 6 weeks, based on a recipe list, which was adapted to individual energy expenditure (RMR measured by QuarkRMR device, multiplied by a factor of 1.5 for physical activity). At baseline and after 6 weeks, OGTT and mixed meal tolerance test [MMTT] (180 min; postprandial measurements at 7 time points [tp]) were performed. Statistical data analysis was conducted using linear mixed-effect models (group-specific comparison: visit*diet*tp interaction).</jats:p>
<jats:p>Results: As expected no changes in body weight (p=0.083) and body composition (p=0.354) were detected. Within groups, fasting glucose (p=0.760) and insulin levels (p=0.066), HbA1c (p=0.979) and HOMA index (p=0.150) did not change after 6 weeks compared to baseline. Insulin sensitivity (Matsuda index p=0.498, OGIS p=0.478, insulinogenic index p=0.203) and ß-cell function (disposition index p=0.997) showed no intergroup variations. In the group comparison, no effect was found after OGTT and MMTT on AUC of glucose (p=0.869/p=0.824) and insulin (p=0.850/p=0.999). However, compared to controls, VD improved kidney values and ND improved blood lipids, liver and kidney values.</jats:p>
<jats:p>Conclusion: Our medium-term isoenergetic intervention study did not confirm earlier results. Improvements in glucose kinetics as observed in epidemiologic studies are possibly due to a loss of body weight (hypoenergetic nutrition) independent of diet composition.</jats:p>
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<jats:title>Disclosure</jats:title>
<jats:p>H. Huber: None. B. Stoffel-wagner: None. M. Coenen: None. L. Weinhold: None. M. Schmid: None. P. Stehle: None. M. Simon: None.</jats:p>
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<jats:title>Funding</jats:title>
<jats:p>German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (01EA1809A)</jats:p>
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