Beschreibung:
<jats:sec id="st1">
<jats:title>Background: </jats:title>
<jats:p><jats:italic>Citrobacter</jats:italic> species are an unusual cause of cerebral abscess in infant. In particular, <jats:italic>Citrobacter freundii</jats:italic> can invade and replicate in human brain microvascular endothelial cells with a selective neurovirulence, producing ventriculitis and brain abscess mainly in the infant. A delayed brain abscess caused by <jats:italic>C. freundii</jats:italic> species in adult patients and after surgery is an occurrence that has not yet been reported in the literature.</jats:p>
</jats:sec>
<jats:sec id="st2">
<jats:title>Case Description: </jats:title>
<jats:p>The authors reported a case of a 60-year-old patient that presented a delayed postoperative brain abscess following resection of a left parietal convexity meningioma. A resurgery was performed, with bone flap removal, debridement, and culture of the purulent content of the previous surgical cavity. The microbiological examination showed the isolation of <jats:italic>C. freundii</jats:italic>. Postoperatively, the patient improved, with progressive headache reduction and right upper limb weakness improvement. She was continued on medical therapy for 4 weeks, until inflammatory index and white blood cells count gained normal range, then, she was admitted to a neurorehabilitation center.</jats:p>
</jats:sec>
<jats:sec id="st3">
<jats:title>Conclusion: </jats:title>
<jats:p>A delayed brain abscess caused by <jats:italic>C. freundii</jats:italic> in adult patients and after surgery is an occurrence that has not yet been reported in the literature, with a consequent complex management, due to the lack of clear guidelines.</jats:p>
</jats:sec>