Erschienen in:
Frontiers in Endocrinology, 13 (2022)
Sprache:
Nicht zu entscheiden
DOI:
10.3389/fendo.2022.996954
ISSN:
1664-2392
Entstehung:
Anmerkungen:
Beschreibung:
<jats:sec><jats:title>Background</jats:title><jats:p>Obesity-associated metabolic complications display sexual dimorphism and can be impacted by cytokines. We previously showed that interleukin-10 (IL-10) was upregulated in white adipose tissue (WAT) of obese women with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Whether this pertains to men is unknown. The aim of this study was to compare the impact of obesity and T2D on WAT IL-10 levels in men versus women.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>Plasma and subcutaneous WAT biopsies were obtained from 108 metabolically well-characterized individuals. WAT<jats:italic>IL10</jats:italic>expression/secretion and WAT-resident IL-10-secreting macrophage number were measured. Circulating sex hormone levels were correlated to WAT<jats:italic>IL10</jats:italic>expression in 22 individuals and sex hormone effects on macrophage<jats:italic>IL10</jats:italic>expression were investigated<jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic>.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>Obese women with T2D showed increased<jats:italic>IL10</jats:italic>expression/secretion and IL-10-secreting WAT macrophage number compared to other female groups. This difference was absent in men. Non-obese women and men with T2D showed similar IL-10 levels compared to healthy controls, indicating that T2D alone does not regulate IL-10. Although WAT<jats:italic>IL10</jats:italic>expression correlated with serum estrone (E1) concentrations, recombinant E1 did not affect macrophage<jats:italic>IL10</jats:italic>expression<jats:italic>in vitro.</jats:italic></jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title><jats:p>WAT IL-10 levels are higher in women with obesity and T2D, but not in men and this effect is primarily attributed to obesity<jats:italic>per se</jats:italic>. This is less likely to be driven by circulating sex hormones. We propose that the WAT IL-10 might exert protective effects in obesity-associated chronic inflammation in women which could be one of the contributing factors for the decreased morbidity observed in women during obesity than men.</jats:p></jats:sec>