PCR Array Technology in Biopsy Samples Identifies Up-Regulated mTOR Pathway Genes as Potential Rejection Biomarkers After Kidney Transplantation

Medientyp: E-Artikel
Titel: PCR Array Technology in Biopsy Samples Identifies Up-Regulated mTOR Pathway Genes as Potential Rejection Biomarkers After Kidney Transplantation
Beteiligte: Legaz, Isabel; Bernardo, María Victoria; Alfaro, Rafael; Martínez-Banaclocha, Helios; Galián, Jose Antonio; Jimenez-Coll, Victor; Boix, Francisco; Mrowiec, Anna; Salmeron, Diego; Botella, Carmen; Parrado, Antonio; Moya-Quiles, María Rosa; Minguela, Alfredo; Llorente, Santiago; Peña-Moral, Jesús de la; Muro, Manuel
Erschienen: Frontiers Media SA, 2021
Erschienen in: Frontiers in Medicine
Sprache: Nicht zu entscheiden
DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.547849
ISSN: 2296-858X
Schlagwörter: General Medicine
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Beschreibung: <jats:p><jats:bold>Background:</jats:bold> Antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) is the major cause of kidney transplant rejection. The donor-specific human leukocyte antigen (HLA) antibody (DSA) response to a renal allograft is not fully understood yet. mTOR complex has been described in the accommodation or rejection of transplants and integrates responses from a wide variety of signals. The aim of this study was to analyze the expression of the mTOR pathway genes in a large cohort of kidney transplant patients to determine its possible influence on the transplant outcome.</jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:</jats:bold> A total of 269 kidney transplant patients monitored for DSA were studied. The patients were divided into two groups, one with recipients that had transplant rejection (+DSA/+AMR) and a second group of recipients without rejection (+DSA/–AMR and –DSA/–AMR, controls). Total RNA was extracted from kidney biopsies and reverse transcribed to cDNA. Human mTOR-PCR array technology was used to determine the expression of 84 mTOR pathway genes. STRING and REVIGO software were used to simulate gene to gene interaction and to assign a molecular function.</jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:</jats:bold> The studied groups showed a different expression of the mTOR pathway related genes. Recipients that had transplant rejection showed an over-expressed transcript (≥5-fold) of AKT1S1, DDIT4, EIF4E, HRAS, IGF1, INS, IRS1, PIK3CD, PIK3CG, PRKAG3, PRKCB (&gt;12-fold), PRKCG, RPS6KA2, TELO2, ULK1, and VEGFC, compared with patients that did not have rejection. AKT1S1 transcripts were more expressed in +DSA/–AMR biopsies compared with +DSA/+AMR. The main molecular functions of up-regulated gene products were phosphotransferase activity, insulin-like grown factor receptor and ribonucleoside phosphate binding. The group of patients with transplant rejection also showed an under-expressed transcript (≥5-fold) of VEGFA (&gt;15-fold), RPS6, and RHOA compared with the group without rejection. The molecular function of down-regulated gene products such as protein kinase activity and carbohydrate derivative binding proteins was also analyzed.</jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions:</jats:bold> We have found a higher number of over-expressed mTOR pathway genes than under-expressed ones in biopsies from rejected kidney transplants (+DSA/+AMR) with respect to controls. In addition to this, the molecular function of both types of transcripts (over/under expressed) is different. Therefore, further studies are needed to determine if variations in gene expression profiles can act as predictors of graft loss, and a better understanding of the mechanisms of action of the involved proteins would be necessary.</jats:p>
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