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Zhao, Xiaoyi; Fioletov, Vitali; Redondas, Alberto; Gröbner, Julian; Egli, Luca; Zeilinger, Franz; López-Solano, Javier; Arroyo, Alberto Berjón; Kerr, James; Maillard Barras, Eliane; Smit, Herman; Brohart, Michael; Sit, Reno; Ogyu, Akira; Abboud, Ihab; Lee, Sum Chi

The site-specific primary calibration conditions for the Brewer spectrophotometer

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  • Medientyp: E-Artikel
  • Titel: The site-specific primary calibration conditions for the Brewer spectrophotometer
  • Beteiligte: Zhao, Xiaoyi; Fioletov, Vitali; Redondas, Alberto; Gröbner, Julian; Egli, Luca; Zeilinger, Franz; López-Solano, Javier; Arroyo, Alberto Berjón; Kerr, James; Maillard Barras, Eliane; Smit, Herman; Brohart, Michael; Sit, Reno; Ogyu, Akira; Abboud, Ihab; Lee, Sum Chi
  • Erschienen: Copernicus GmbH, 2023
  • Erschienen in: Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 16 (2023) 8, Seite 2273-2295
  • Sprache: Englisch
  • DOI: 10.5194/amt-16-2273-2023
  • ISSN: 1867-8548
  • Schlagwörter: Atmospheric Science
  • Entstehung:
  • Anmerkungen:
  • Beschreibung: Abstract. The Brewer ozone spectrophotometer (the Brewer) is one of theWorld Meteorological Organization (WMO) Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW)'sstandard ozone-monitoring instruments since the 1980s. The entire globalBrewer ozone-monitoring network is operated and maintained via ahierarchical calibration chain, which started from world referenceinstruments that are independently calibrated via the primary calibrationmethod (PCM) at a premium site (National Oceanic and AtmosphericAdministration's (NOAA) Mauna Loa Observatory, Hawaii). These worldreference instruments have been maintained by Environment and Climate ChangeCanada (ECCC) in Toronto for the last 4 decades. Their calibration istransferred to the travelling standard instrument and then to network(field) Brewer instruments at their monitoring sites (all via thecalibration transfer method; CTM). Thus, the measurement accuracy for theentire global network is dependent on the calibration of world referenceinstruments. In 2003, to coordinate regional calibration needs, the RegionalBrewer Calibration Center for Europe (RBCC-E) was formed in Izaña, Spain.From that point, RBCC-E began calibrating regional references also via PCMinstead of CTM. The equivalency and consistency of world and regionalreferences are then assured during international calibration campaigns. Inpractice, these two calibration methods have different physicalrequirements, e.g., the PCM requires a stable ozone field in the short term(i.e., half-day), while the CTM would benefit from larger changes in slant ozoneconditions for the calibration periods. This difference dictates that thePCM can only be implemented on Brewer instruments at certain sites and even in certainmonths of the year. This work is the first effort to use long-termobservation records from 11 Brewer instruments at four sites to reveal the challengesin performing the PCM. By utilizing a new calibration simulation model andreanalysis ozone data, this work also quantifies uncertainties in the PCMdue to short-term ozone variability. The results are validated by real-worldobservations and used to provide scientific advice on where and when the PCMcan be performed and how many days of observations are needed to achieve thecalibration goal (i.e., ensure the calibration uncertainty is within adetermined criterion, i.e., ≤5 R6 units; R6 is a measurement-deriveddouble ratio in the actual Brewer processing algorithm). This work alsosuggests that even if the PCM cannot be used to deliver final calibrationresults for mid- or high-latitude sites, the statistics of the long-term PCMfitting results can still provide key information for field Brewer instruments asstability indicators (which would provide performance monitoring and dataquality assurance).
  • Zugangsstatus: Freier Zugang