Beschreibung:
Die vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich mit der vegetationskündlichen Analyse eines Bergkiefernmoores in den östlichen Südalpen, das ungefähr vor 30 Jahren zum Teil kultiviert wurde. Besondere Aufmerksamkeit wird der Vegetationsdynamik und der Besiedlung der verlassenen Torfstiche gewidmet. Zu diesem Zweck wurde eine Technik der Faktoranalyse angewandt. /// The present paper is devoted to the phytosociological study of the plant communities in a Pinus mugo- raised bog in the South-Eastern Alps (North Italy) and particularly to the reconstruction of the vegetation dynamics in primary habitats and in abandoned peat-quarries. The examined bog comprehends typical bog communities (Pino mugo-Sphagnetum and Sphagnetum magellanici) in its central part, in spite of the presence in the corresponding habitats of some "mineral soil water indicator plants" (see Table 1). The peripheric belt shows on the contrary a mire vegetation (Caricetum fuscae). Part of the bog was once exploited for peat quarrying. The quarries were established in 1943 and abandoned in 1946. The evaluation of the vegetation dynamics has been made with aid of a multivariate ordination method (principal component analysis). On the basis of the numerical results it can be concluded that: (i) The primary vegetation dynamics leads from mire vegetation (Caricetum fuscae) through open Sphagnum magellanicum-communities (Sphagnetum magellanici) towards a Pinus mugo-scrub (Pino mugo-Sphagnetum) which can be regarded as a climax community in such bog habitats; (ii) the secondary dynamic sere in abandoned peat-quarries is generally fairly similar to the primary sere; (iii) only in the deepest quarries is a peculiar plant community (Sphagnum teres-Carex elata-association) settled; however it can be argued that such a community is also able to evolve, although slowly, towards Caricetum fuscae and afterwards towards raised bog communities. The vegetation dynamics in primary habitats (a) and in abandoned quarries (b) are represented in Fig. 3.